Buying Agricultural Land in India: Legal Basics

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Not everyone can buy farmland—and even if you can, there are conversion rules and ceiling limits to watch out for.

 Who Can Buy?

  • Only farmers or agriculturists can buy agricultural land in most states

  • Some states (e.g. Punjab, Rajasthan, UP) allow non-farmers with permission

  • NRIs are generally not allowed to buy agricultural land

 Conversion Rules

  • To use agricultural land for residential or commercial purposes, you must apply for land-use conversion

  • Requires approval from district or town planning authority

  • Pay conversion charges and get a No Objection Certificate (NOC)

  • Without conversion, construction is illegal

Land Ceiling Acts

  • States impose limits on how much agricultural land one can own

  • Ceiling varies by land type (irrigated, dry, hilly) and state laws

  • Example: In Andhra Pradesh, max is 10 acres irrigated or 54 acres dry

  • Buying beyond ceiling = illegal acquisition, subject to seizure

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